Sands that have a more rounded shape tend to ‘roll’ more than flat-shaped sand. Sand that is too angular and flat is not as good as sand that has a rounded shape. One way to maximize how sand integrates with the slurry is to make sure the particles range in size and shape. Since sand is added to most gypsum cements, special attention must be paid to the quantity and type of sand that will help the slab meet the designed specification. Further, the sand does not chemically bond to the newly formed crystals instead, the sand becomes trapped and locked within the crystal matrix. Sand also prevents the new hydrated gypsum crystals from growing into each other. The introduction of an aggregate such as sand to the hemihydrate slurry will reduce the strength of the hardened mass because it spreads the new hydrated gypsum crystals apart. Gypsum concrete has been installed and specified since the late 1970s.
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